The author proposes to examine Orientalism as a means of understanding the traditional values of contemporary Russia in the context of the humanities. The paper provides the definition of Orientalism and examines characteristics that may be useful for social scientists. The author focuses on methodological approaches that can facilitate the analysis of the mechanisms of worldview formation and identity within the framework of a modern conceptual approach, which allows for viewing Russia as a civilization-state. The author analyzes the distinct features of the Japanese worldview, particularly regarding its influence on the harmonious adaptation to the changes ushered in by contemporary times, while considering the implementation of traditional values and the mechanisms for their adaptation to modern challenges. The paper examines the specificity of the formation of the Japanese religious worldview over several centuries, revealing both the strengths and weaknesses of the Japanese mentality, and compares it with the Russian reality. By utilizing Orientalism and the Japanese perspective, the author successfully highlights the nuances inherent in the definition and significance of traditional values and constants within Russia as a State-Civilization. Interesting recommendations are presented that facilitate a deeper understanding of the traditional values of contemporary Russia, taking into account Orientalist techniques and methodologies as well as the unique aspects of Japanese identity.