The article presents the author’s analysis of the state law ideas and early projects of M. M. Speransky, as well as their consideration both in the context of reforming the state system of the Russian Empire at the beginning of the 19th ­century, and in the framework of global processes directly related to the Russian Empire. The analysis of projects and ideas of prominent reformers contributes to the study of the mechanism of emergence of state transformations, their positive and negative aspects. Accumulation of information about reform activities can play a significant role in carrying out transformations in various spheres of society and institutions of state power, increasing their effectiveness in modern realities. The early state law ideas and projects of M. M. Speransky were moderately liberal in nature and their action was aimed at the implementation of constitutionalism within the institutions of state power of the Russian Empire. They provided for the separation of powers, restriction of the monarch’s power, granting civil and political rights to the population, establishing legality and forming a fair impartial court, that in fact, they were connected with the basic categories and concepts of European public thought of that time. The author evaluates the unconditional significance of M. M. Speransky’s activity at the early stages of his career in the sense of its compliance with global political and legal trends and Russian reality, objectively investigated by M. M. Speransky for the creation of projects and reforms. The study of M. M. Speransky’s activities is relevant: this is certainly confirmed by the interest of researchers in his personality and projects.