Artificial Intelligence as the Object of Legal Regulation

The paper attempts to explain the debatable issues of the need for effective regulation of relations using artificial intelligence (AI). The author examines the legislative and theoretical understanding of the content of the concept of AI, the approaches and characteristics prevailing in Russian and foreign legal literature and identifies some problems of the lag of the national industry from global indicators in the context of AI development. The author attempts to determine the methodology of the phenomenon under study. The paper introduces a special legal regime involving the joint regulation of relations using AI. It is emphasized that new forms of social relations must be integrated into the existing matrix, preventing introduction of heterogeneous concepts that blur the subject, method, and system. The paper analyzes standings of domestic and foreign courts. At the same time, within the framework of the study, the author analyzed theoretical and practical aspects that showed «painfulness» of the issues under consideration. A number of conflict-of-laws problems has been identified. The solution of these problems is possible only with proper characterization and scientific understanding of public relations. The author has made specific proposals aimed at improving legislation in the field of ways of interacting with debtors. The paper provides for examination of approaches to the expediency of granting artificial intelligence the status of a subject or object of a legal relationship. Conclusions and provisions explain the author’s understanding of the problem and a proposal to develop a new scientific legal category «innovative potential of law». The author focuses attention on the need to develop a special federal law regulating relations containing such an element as artificial intelligence, primarily categorizing the corresponding conceptual and categorical apparatus and defining its possible structural elements.

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