The Role of Education in the Development of the State: Historical and Legal Analysis of the Era of Peter the Great

The paper is devoted to the development of ideas about the role of education in the development of the state during the reign of Peter I. The author examines the main scientific and legal concepts that were developed in the field of education and that subsequently influenced the process of reforming education in Russia at the beginning of the 18th century. The peculiarities of the current situation in the field of education in Russia determine the relevance of this work. There is a strong social element in the state law regulation of activities in education. In this regard, the development of education as a social institution is influenced by historical, social, technological and other processes to which the state must respond in a timely and appropriate manner through normative regulation. Legal and historical experience allows us to build the most favorable policy in this area. The author examines the period of the reign of Peter I and determines the main ideological role of education in the process of strengthening and improving the state. The material for the analysis covers various scientific works in the field of education, as well as the history of the state and law of Russia of the late 17th — early 18th centuries. The considered scientific and legal concepts are based on the ideas of G. Leibniz, a German philosopher whose projects had a great influence on the reforms of Peter I, Feofan Prokopovich, a Russian political and spiritual figure and one of the closest associates of the tsar, and V. N. Tatishchev, a Russian historian and statesman who continued the development of Peter’s I ideas during the life of the Emperor and after his death. The author concludes about the development of new ideas of education, which were largely implemented in the transformative policy of Peter I.

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