The article presents the author’s interpretation of the meaning of amendments to individual articles of the 1993 Constitution made in 2020 with a socio-economic content. This approach involves the development of the constitutional and legal foundations of the economic system of Russia in the current legislation and law enforcement practice.

The large-scale Constitutional Reform in the Russian Federation in 2020 will inevitably affect the entire national legal system — many legal institutions have undergone transformation, including the institution of constitutional justice. Certain changes in the competence and the status of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation testify to the consolidation of trends that have their own legal history. The article presents some controversial judgments regarding such trends.

The state of the institution of human and civil rights and freedoms is the main indicator in the development of the principles of the rule-of-law state. The study is aimed at examining the role of constitutional legal proceedings in the Russian Federation and scientific discussion about the mechanism for implementing the final decisions of the Constitutional Court. The objectives of the study are implemented through the study of the normative legal material and legal stances of the Constitutional Court of Russia. The authors come to the conclusion about the essence of constitutional and legal protection of the institution of rights and freedoms of citizens in Russia, topical problems and possible ways to solve them.

The article presents the author’s interpretation of the customary business service as a source of civil law in pre-revolutionary Russia. The author, relying on the norms of Russian civil legislation relating to different historical periods, analyzes the experience of using customs in business practice when concluding various transactions and resolving civil disputes. The author comes to the conclusion that the customary business practice as a tool for regulating civil law relations has not lost its significance at the present time.

The author examines the origin of youth parliamentarism in Russia, presents an analysis of the effectiveness and efficiency of youth parliaments.

The article presents the study of the use of new digital technologies in the mechanism of protection of rare and endangered species in Russia.

The article analyzes the essence of the first period of Spanish liberalism and the creation of the first constitutional acts — the Bayonne Statute and the Cadiz Constitution. The main attention is paid to the identification aspects of the development of legal consciousness on the basis of the political and legal mythology of the era under examination.

By the middle of the 20th century the system of European international law has reached a fairly high level. Numerous crisis situations that had to be resolved in the past have made it possible to form a system of legal relations, which made it possible to resolve most of the issues of legal interaction between countries. The legal systems of Western European states were created to solve similar problems and used similar methods of solving them, which undoubtedly contributed to their legal integration.

After the death of a black American J. Floyd, who previously had problems with law enforcement bodies, a wave of riots swept across the United States, in which US citizens of different races took part. The article provides for an analysis of the ideological and political prerequisites for these acts of disobedience.

The article provides the historical and legal characteristics of the creation of the Constitution of Israel. Analyzing the process of constitutional construction through the adoption of a number of Basic Laws, lasting more than 60 years and currently not completed, the author comes to the conclusion about the formation of “defects” of the quality of the Constitution of Israel.

The article discusses the issues of legal regulation of political rights and freedoms, the practice of their restrictions and implementation in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The purpose of the work is to reflect critically on the problems in this area and to determine ways to solve them.

The paper presents an analysis of the positivity of the right to resist oppression in the national constitutional laws of foreign countries. The author examines ius resistendi, enshrined in normative acts, as an example of the instrumentalization of law for political purposes.

The article examines the demographic problems of the state and ways to resolve them with the help of assisted reproductive technologies. Special attention is paid to the issue of surrogacy as one of the ways to overcome the demographic challenges of our time.

The article is devoted to the study of the problems of building and regulating the organizational foundations of state policy in the field of countering extremist activity in the Russian Federation. The author determines the general principles and features of the implementation of state policy in the field of countering extremism at the municipal level are determined and problematic aspects of its organization within the framework of a closed administrative-territorial entity as an administrative-territorial entity with a special regime.

The article examines the powers of the President of the Russian Federation and their transformation in connection with the adoption of amendments to the Constitution of the Russian Federation. The author highlights the issues of interaction of the head of state with the three branches of government and the impact of the constitutional reform on the constitutional and legal status of the President of the Russian Federation. The controversial nature of this issue is noted in view of the strengthening of the presidential power.

The article is devoted to the personality and work of the outstanding educator and jurist A. P. Kunitsyn, one of the founders of Russian natural law doctrine, the beloved teacher of A. S. Pushkin. An attempt was made to reconstruct the main milestones of his biography and scientific and pedagogical activity against the background of time and the social environment surrounding him, as well as to determine his place in the history of Russian culture and legal science. The author highlights his contribution to the formation of domestic legal education and the science of law.

The article is devoted to the ideas of the Russian jurist and educator Aleksandr Petrovich Kunitsyn (1783–1840) in the context of intellectual ties between Russia and the West. The main attention is paid to the issue of intellectual originality of A. P. Kunitsyn as a thinker. This issue is controversial in both Western and Russian literature.